All processes
PRC.07 · Construction Process

Timber Frame Wall (Platform Frame)

A timber frame wall weighs a fifth of a masonry wall and insulates twice as well: yet all its value lies in two thin layers nobody sees — the airtight layer and the vapour check.

Stud centres
60 cm
Wall thickness
30–40 cm
Assembly
dry
Airtightness
n50 ≤ 0.6 h⁻¹

Overview

TAV. 00

In platform frame the wall is a set of studs at regular centres, braced with boards and filled with insulation: the structure takes up almost nothing, and the insulation lives within the thickness instead of on top of it. It goes up dry, in days rather than weeks, and the finished floor becomes the platform for the level above — hence the name. The flip side is sensitivity: without a continuous airtight layer, moisture enters the cavity and the timber, and the advantage turns into damage.

The site score

TAV. H
NOT TO SCALE1 of 4 layer in placeAirtight layer

The detail of the craftthe foot of the wall

CORDOLO IN C.A.GUAINA≥ 15 cm
01Days 1–2

The sole plate and the studs

Fixing the sole plate to the kerb over a separating membrane, then erecting the studs at regular centres.

Why it is done this wayThe sole plate is the most delicate point in the whole house: it is the only timber touching concrete, and concrete holds moisture for years. It needs a separating membrane and a lift above finished level, otherwise the wall rots from below while everything else is perfect. Stud spacing is not aesthetic: it matches the width of the insulation batts, so they press in without cuts.
60 cm · stud centres≥ 15 cm · lift above external levelguaina · timber never on concrete
In handdriver and structural screwslaser levelsquare
dry timber, sheets at day's end
The mistake that costs dearlySole plate laid straight on the kerb, flush with the external paving: rising damp enters the timber and the foot of the wall rots with no warning.
Site supervision checkContinuous separating membrane under the plate; lift above external level; stud spacing and section as designed; plumb.
Timber never sits on bare concrete: put the membrane in, or you'll be explaining it in ten years.site notebook — editorial synthesis
The beats — with site daysbeat 1 of 5

click a beat · arrow keys ← → walk the site · dashed pauses are the chemistry at work

The invisible that counts

Why airtightness is not the vapour check

TAV. G1

They are two different jobs, often given to the same sheet. The check slows vapour diffusing through materials; the airtight layer stops air moving through holes — and it is the latter that carries a hundred times more moisture into the wall.

DIFFUSIONE · lentavapore attraverso il materiale: poco, gestibileCONVEZIONE · il vero dannoaria umida da una fessura: molta, concentrata, condensa↑ è qui che marcisce il legno

Schematic. It is why the blower-door test is run with the structure closed but finishes open: if something leaks, you must still be able to fix it.

The foot of the wall

Where timber meets concrete

TAV. G2

The point where a timber-frame house most often dies is neither the roof nor the facade: it is the first centimetre, where the sole plate meets the kerb and the external paving comes up too high.

CORRETTO≥ 15 cmguaina + rialzo: il legno resta asciuttoSBAGLIATOlegno a contatto e pavimento alto: risalita e marciume

This detail must be resolved in design together with the metalworker and whoever does the external works: it is the point where three different trades hand each other the responsibility.

How it ages (and what betrays it)

TAV. P
PIEDE MARCIOSole plate without membrane or external paving too high (phase 01): rising damp enters the timber and the wall fails from below, with no visible signs inside.
VANO CHE GIRAInsulation cut short (phase 02): a convective loop starts in the void, cancelling the insulation and depositing moisture on the stud.
CONDENSA NEL LEGNOAirtight layer pierced at the boxes (phase 03): humid air enters the cavity, condenses on the cold side and the timber rots where nobody looks.
PARETE IN TRAPPOLAA non-breathable external board (phase 04): moisture that gets in cannot leave anywhere and stays trapped between two sealed layers.
IMPIANTI INVASIVICables and pipes buried in the structural cavity (phase 05): every box is a hole in the seal, and the house loses tightness where it can no longer be inspected.

Questions from the site

TAV. Q
Does a timber frame house last as long as masonry?

Yes, on one condition: the timber stays dry. North American and European frame houses pass a century when the base detail, airtightness and breathability are done properly. When they fail, it is almost always water, not loads.

How is it different from CLT?

In a frame the studs are the structure and the insulation sits in the void between them: a lighter, cheaper wall. In CLT the wall is a solid load-bearing panel and all the insulation goes outside: more mass, more stiffness, more cost.

How much does the blower-door test really matter?

It is the only way to know whether the airtightness was actually built or merely claimed. Run it with the structure closed but finishes still open: that way leaks are found and sealed while they are still reachable.

Doesn't a lightweight wall overheat in summer?

That is its weak point: little mass means little thermal lag. You compensate by choosing dense insulation (wood fibre, cellulose) instead of very light products, and by getting solar shading right — which matters more here than elsewhere.

Materials involved

TAV. M